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June 1992

A one-month Study was performed by UCC to determine the capability of underwater plasma arc gouging. The goals of this Study were as follows:

*Gas type and pressure settings for different depths of water.
*Optimum torch angle, stand-off and travel speed.

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Greatly Reduced Required Cutting Time due to the Exceptional Speed of the Process
Reduced Exposure due to Reduced Cutting Time
Clean Cuts Reduce Preparation Time

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July to August 1993

UCC performed a two-month Research and Development Program to determine the effects of water depth on cutting performance. The goal of this Program was as follows:

*Maximum cutting capacity of the Max 200 Plasma Arc at 50' of water depth.
*Optimum gas type and pressure setting.
*Develop safety procedures for cutting in a hyperbaric environment
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 Underwater Construction Corporation
Underwater Construction Corporation (UCC), has performed a number of plasma arc projects as well as extensive research and development. UCC is the only company in the world to posess this State of the Art underwater cutting method. For your information, please read about the evolution of this process, and about several of the projects where UCC has incorporated this service.









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UNDERWATER PLASMA ARC CUTTING AND GOUGING PROJECTS
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1994

Decommissioning Services - FORT ST. VRAIN

Underwater Construction Corporation (UCC), provided nuclear diving services in support of the Fort St. Vrain (FSV) decommissioning. The Westinghouse Team, which was responsible for the decommissioning, was a joint effort by Westinghouse Electric Corporation, the MK-Ferguson Group, and the Scientific Ecology Group. UCC was a subcontractor to MK-Ferguson.

The nuclear diving operations continued for eighteen months during 1994 and 1995. During this time, UCC supplied 22 divers to the decommissioning project. More than 1650 dives were made in the Pre-Stressed Concrete Reactor Vessel (PCRV)) to successfully complete 37 major underwater tasks, as well as, numerous minor underwater tasks. Upon completion of decommissioning diving services, more that 3400 in-water man-hours were logged and documented by UCC personnel.

The use of divers in the PCRV corresponded with FSV's ALARA concerns. The average radiation dose field the divers were working in was less than 16mRem/hr. With the onset of PCRV shield water chemistry problems, remote tooling would have been difficult and the divers close proximity to the work proved to be beneficial.

Water depths in the PCRV ranged between 15 and 60 feet throughout the project. FSV is located 4800 feet above sea level. This altitude increased the in-water working depths experienced by the divers to between 30 and 80 feet. The PCRV water temperature ranged from 85 to 98 degrees F. The average water visibility in the divers work area was less than 24 inches for most of the diving operations. Contact radiation levels on reactor components ranged from 40 mRem/hr to 70 Rem/hr.

The diving tasks were divided into two work evolutions. The first, which included most of the assigned tasks, was all the work associated with the 300 ton Core Support Floor (CSF) removal. The second evolution was the removal of all medium to high dose material between the CSF and the plenum floor, including the four helium circulators and the twelve steam generator primary modules. More than 680 tons of radwaste was removed from the PCRV by the divers.
February 1991

Disposal of Steam Dryer (BWR) 

This project consisted of the volume reduction of a steam dryer. During the course of the project, a floating gas collection system was installed on the surface of the water. The collection system was positioned over the cutting operation and would draw the cutting gases from the surface of the water. The gas collection system consisted of a hydrogen monitor, airborne contamination monitor and a HEPA filter. The gases would pass through the monitors then through a HEPA filter and discharge on the refuel floor. Results of testing are available upon request.
March 1990 to January 1991March 1990 to January 1991March 1990 to January 1991
A 10-month joint Study was performed by UCC. The goals of this Study consisted of the following:

*Development of a safe, insulated diver hand-held plasma arc torch.
*Design a torch nozzle to improve cutting performance.
*Evaluate the chances of airborne contamination due to plasma arc cutting of
 irradiated components.
*Explosion possibilities of Hydrogen gas generated from cutting and from using
 assorted plasma/shield gas.
*Development of training and operating procedures.
*Train 25 divers in underwater Plasma Arc Cutting.
*Power unit and torch diagnostic training.
*Gas type and pressure setting for performing cuts at different depths.
*Water conductivity changes due to plasma arc cutting.
*Quantity and type of debris generated by plasma arc cutting.
*Plasma arc reach tools design and manufacturing.

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March 1994

UCC performed a two-week Study to determine if higher water conductivity effected plasma torch life or presented a diver safety concern. The goal of this Study was as follows

*Develop the maximum water conductivity level for the safe operation of the
 plasma arc.
*Effects of high-frequency field generated by the plasma arc on wireless remote
 dosimeter monitoring equipment.
   
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